• Acknowledgements • INTRODUCTION • Lichen Biology • Suggested Reading • Coverage and Methods • Chemical Testing • Alpine Zones of the Northeast • HOW TO USE THIS GUIDE • Don't Forget a Magnifier • Master Page Layout • Special Topics (ST): Lichens as Food • Species Descriptions (SD): Bushy Lichens with Flat Stems • ST: Human Uses of Lichens • SD: Bushy Lichens with Round Stems • ST: Lichen Substances • SD: Stalked Lichens • ST: Pollution Monitoring with Lichens • SD: Foliose Lichens • ST: Lichens and Harsh Environments • ST: Lichens and Radioactivity • SD: Descriptions Umbilicate Lichens • ST: Lichens and Wildlife • ST: Crustose Lichen Identification SD: Crustose Lichens • Glossary • References • Species Index